Umuyoboro w'icyuma kidashonga wa 304/304L ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi cyane mu gukora imiyoboro y'icyuma kidashonga. Icyuma kidashonga wa 304/304L ni icyuma kidashonga cya chromium-nickel gisanzwe gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kikaba gikwiriye cyane mu gukora imiyoboro.
Ibyuma bita 304 bifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ogisijeni no kurwanya ingese, kandi bishobora kubungabunga imiterere yabyo mu buryo buhamye kandi buhamye mu bintu bitandukanye bya shimi. Byongeye kandi, bifite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya no gukomera, byoroshye gukoreshwa mu bukonje n'ubushyuhe, kandi bishobora guhaza ibisabwa mu gukora imiyoboro itandukanye.
Imiyoboro y'icyuma gifunga, cyane cyane imiyoboro idafunga, ifite ibisabwa byinshi ku bikoresho kandi igomba kugira uburyo bwo kuyifunga no kuyirinda umuvuduko. Umuyoboro w'icyuma gifunga 304 ukunze gukoreshwa mu gukora imiyoboro itandukanye bitewe n'imbaraga zayo nyinshi, kurwanya ingese n'ubuso bwayo bworoshye imbere, nk'inkokora, imigozi, imigozi minini n'imito, nibindi.
Muri make,Umuyoboro w'icyuma kidapfa gushonga 304Ifite uruhare runini mu gukora imiyoboro y'ibyuma bitagira umugese, itanga imikorere myiza n'ubwiza bwizewe, kandi itanga garanti y'ingenzi ku mikorere myiza no kuramba kw'imiyoboro.
Bityo rero, mbere yo kuva mu ruganda mu gikorwa cyo gukora ibikoresho fatizo, rugomba kugeragezwa kenshi kandi rugomba kuzuza ibisabwa mu gukora imiyoboro. Dore uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo kugenzura imikorere bwa 304/304Lumuyoboro w'icyuma kidafunze neza.
01. Gupima ingese
Umuyoboro wa 304 w'icyuma kidashonga ugomba gupimwa uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese hakurikijwe ingingo zisanzwe cyangwa uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese bwemeranyijweho n'impande zombi.
Ikizamini cyo kwangirika hagati y’udusate: Intego y’iki kizamini ni ukumenya niba ikintu gifite imiterere yo kwangirika hagati y’udusate. Kwangirika hagati y’udusate ni ubwoko bw’ubwangizi butuma habaho kwangirika ku mbibi z’ikintu, amaherezo bigatera kwangirika kw’ibikoresho.
Ikizamini cyo kwangirika kw'umuvuduko:Intego y'iki kizamini ni ukugerageza uburyo ibikoresho birwanya ingese mu bintu biremereye kandi biremereye. Ingese iterwa n'ingese ni ubwoko bw'ingese buteje akaga gakomeye butuma ibintu bicika mu bice by'ibikoresho biremereye, bigatuma ibikoresho bicika.
Ikizamini cyo guterura:Intego y'iki kizamini ni ukugerageza ubushobozi bw'ikintu mu kurwanya imyobo mu kirere kirimo iyoni za chloride. Imbogamizi yo gushonga ni ubwoko bw'imbogamizi bukora utwobo duto ku buso bw'ikintu hanyuma bugakura buhoro buhoro bigatera imiyoboro.
Ikizamini cy’ingese kimwe:Intego y'iki kizamini ni ukugerageza uburyo ibikoresho birwanya ingese muri rusange mu kirere cyangiritse. Ingese imwe yerekeza ku miterere imwe y'ibice bya okiside cyangwa ibicuruzwa bya ngese ku buso bw'ibikoresho.
Mu gihe cyo gukora ibizamini bya corruption, ni ngombwa guhitamo imiterere ikwiye y’ibizamini, nk’uburyo bwo gukonjesha, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, igihe cyo gushyiramo corruption, nibindi. Nyuma y’ikizamini, ni ngombwa gusuzuma corruption y’ibikoresho hakoreshejwe isuzuma ry’amaso, gupima kugabanya ibiro, gusesengura metallographic n’ubundi buryo ku gipimo.
02. Igenzura ry'imikorere y'ibikorwa
Ikizamini cyo gufunga: kigaragaza ubushobozi bwo guhindura imiterere y'umuyoboro mu cyerekezo gitambaye.
Isuzuma ry'umuvuduko: Ripima imbaraga zo gukurura n'uburebure bw'ikintu.
Ikizamini cy'ingaruka: Suzuma ubukomere n'ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho.
Ikizamini cyo gutwika: gerageza ubushobozi bw'umuyoboro w'amazi mu gihe cyo kwaguka.
Ikizamini cy'ubukomere: Pima agaciro k'ubukomere bw'ikintu.
Ikizamini cya Metallographic: reba imiterere mito n'impinduka z'ibikoresho.
Ikizamini cyo kunama: Suzuma uko umuyoboro wangiritse n'uko wangiritse mu gihe cyo kunama.
Ikizamini kitangiza: harimo ikizamini cya eddy current, ikizamini cya X-ray n'ikizamini cya ultrasound kugira ngo harebwe inenge n'ibitagenda neza biri mu muyoboro.
03. Isesengura ry'ibinyabutabire
Isesengura ry’imiti ry’ibinyabutabire by’umuyoboro w’icyuma kidapfa gushonga 304 rishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe isesengura rya spectral, isesengura rya chemical, isesengura rya spectrum y’ingufu n’ubundi buryo.
Muri byo, ubwoko n'ibikubiye mu bintu bishobora kumenyekana hakoreshejwe gupima imiterere y'ibintu. Birashoboka kandi kumenya ubwoko n'ibikubiye mu bintu hakoreshejwe imiti isesa ibikoresho, redox, nibindi, hanyuma hakoreshejwe isesengura ry'ibikoresho. Ingufu za spectroscopy ni uburyo bwihuse kandi bworoshye bwo kumenya ubwoko n'ingano y'ibintu biri mu bikoresho binyuze mu kubitera imbaraga hakoreshejwe electron beam hanyuma ukamenya X-rays cyangwa imirasire isanzwe.
Ku muyoboro wa 304 udafite umugozi udafite umugozi, imiterere yawo ya shimi igomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa bisanzwe, nka GB/T 14976-2012 "umuyoboro wa shimi udafite umugozi udafite umugozi wo gutwara amazi", ugena ibipimo bitandukanye by'imiterere ya shimi ya 304 udafite umugozi udafite umugozi udafite umugozi, nka karuboni, silikoni, manganese, fosifore, sulfur, chromium, nikeli, molybdenum, azote n'ibindi bintu. Mu gihe cyo gukora isesengura rya shimi, aya mahame cyangwa amabwiriza agomba gukoreshwa nk'ishingiro kugira ngo hamenyekane ko imiterere ya shimi y'ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa.
Icyuma (Fe): Inkombe
Karuboni (C): ≤ 0.08% (ibipimo bya karuboni 304L≤ 0.03%)
Silikoni (Si): ≤ 1.00%
Manganese (Mn): ≤ 2.00%
Fosifore (P): ≤ 0.045%
Sulfure (S): ≤ 0.030%
Chromium (Cr): 18.00% - 20.00%
Nickel(Ni):8.00% - 10.50%
Izi ndangagaciro ziri mu rugero rusabwa n'ibipimo rusange, kandi imiterere yihariye y'ibinyabutabire ishobora guhindurwa neza hakurikijwe ibipimo bitandukanye (urugero: ASTM, GB, nibindi) ndetse n'ibisabwa byihariye n'uruganda.
04. Ikizamini cya Barometric na hydrostatic
Ikizamini cy'umuvuduko w'amazi n'ikizamini cy'umuvuduko w'umwuka cya 304umuyoboro w'icyuma kidafunze nezazikoreshwa mu gupima ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umuvuduko n'ubudahangarwa bw'umwuka w'umuyoboro.
Ikizamini cy'amazi:
Tegura icyitegererezo: Hitamo icyitegererezo gikwiye kugira ngo urebe neza ko uburebure n'umurambararo by'icyitegererezo byujuje ibisabwa mu isuzuma.
Huza icyitegererezo: Huza icyitegererezo ku mashini ipima amazi kugira ngo urebe neza ko icyitegererezo gifunze neza.
Tangira ikizamini: Shyira amazi ku gitutu runaka mu gipimo hanyuma ugifate mu gihe runaka. Mu bihe bisanzwe, igitutu cy'ikizamini ni 2.45Mpa, kandi igihe cyo kugifata ntigishobora kuba munsi y'amasegonda atanu.
Reba niba hari amazi yavuye: Reba ingero z'ibipimo niba nta mazi yavuye cyangwa ibindi bintu bidasanzwe byavuye mu isuzuma.
Andika ibisubizo: Andika igitutu n'ibyavuye mu kizamini, hanyuma usesengure ibisubizo.
Ikizamini cya Barometric:
Tegura icyitegererezo: Hitamo icyitegererezo gikwiye kugira ngo urebe neza ko uburebure n'umurambararo by'icyitegererezo byujuje ibisabwa mu isuzuma.
Huza icyitegererezo: Huza icyitegererezo ku mashini ipima umuvuduko w'umwuka kugira ngo urebe neza ko igice gihuza gifunze neza.
Tangira ikizamini: Shyira umwuka ku gitutu runaka mu gipimo hanyuma uwufate mu gihe runaka. Ubusanzwe, igitutu cy'ikizamini ni 0.5Mpa, kandi igihe cyo gufata gishobora guhindurwa uko bikenewe.
Reba niba hari amazi yavuye: Reba ingero z'ibipimo niba nta mazi yavuye cyangwa ibindi bintu bidasanzwe byavuye mu isuzuma.
Andika ibisubizo: Andika igitutu n'ibyavuye mu kizamini, hanyuma usesengure ibisubizo.
Icyitonderwa ni uko ikizamini kigomba gukorwa ahantu hakwiye kandi imiterere, nk'ubushyuhe, ubushuhe n'ibindi bipimo bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa mu ikizamini. Ariko kandi, ni ngombwa kwita ku mutekano mu gihe cyo gukora ikizamini kugira ngo hirindwe ibintu bitunguranye mu gihe cy'ikizamini.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 26 Nyakanga-2023