* KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO NTCHITO
Chitoliro chotenthetsera madzi chotchedwa Hot-dip galvanizing chimapangitsa chitsulo chosungunuka kugwirizana ndi chitoliro chachitsulo kuti chipange gawo la alloy, motero kuphatikiza chitolirocho ndi chophimbacho. Asidi woyamba wotenthetsera madzi amatsuka chitoliro chachitsulo kuti achotse iron oxide pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo. Pambuyo potsuka ndi asidi, amatsukidwa mu thanki ndi ammonium chloride kapena zinc chloride aqueous solution kapena chisakanizo cha ammonium chloride ndi zinc chloride aqueous solution, kenako amatumizidwa ku bafa lotenthetsera madzi lotchedwa hot-dip galvanizing.
Kupaka ma galvanizing kotentha kuli ndi ubwino wokhala ndi zokutira zofanana, kumamatira mwamphamvu, kukana dzimbiri bwino, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Makamaka m'malo ovuta, monga chinyezi, mvula, mvula ya asidi, kupopera mchere ndi malo ena, magwiridwe antchito a kupopera ma galvanizing kotentha ndi odziwika bwino. Chitsulo chachitsulo ndi yankho losungunuka la pulasitiki limakumana ndi zovuta zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala kuti apange chisakanizo cha zinc-iron alloy chosagonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri chokhala ndi kapangidwe kolimba. Chisakanizo cha alloy, chisakanizo cha zinc choyera, ndi chisakanizo chachitsulo zimagwirizanitsidwa pamodzi. Chifukwa chake, chimakhala ndi kukana dzimbiri kwambiri.
1. Kufanana kwa chophimba: Chitsanzo cha chitoliro chachitsulo sichiyenera kufiira (mtundu wokutidwa ndi mkuwa) chikamizidwa mu yankho la mkuwa kwa nthawi 5 motsatizana.
2. Ubwino wa pamwamba: Pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi galvanized payenera kukhala ndi gawo lonse la galvanized, ndipo sipayenera kukhala madontho akuda ndi thovu zomwe sizikuphimbidwa. Paloledwa kukhala ndi malo ozungulira pang'ono komanso tinthu ta zinc tomwe tili m'deralo.
| Kodi kusiyana pakati pa hot dip galvanized ndi pre galvanized ndi kotani? | |||||||
| Hot kuviika kanasonkhezereka Chitsulo chitoliro | Chitoliro cha Zitsulo Choyambirira Chopangidwa ndi Kanasonkhezereka | ||||||
| Chitoliro chachitsulo makulidwe | 1.0mm ndi kupitirira apo | 0.8mm mpaka 2.2mm | |||||
| Zophimba za Zinc | avareji 200g/m2 mpaka 500g/m2 (30um mpaka 70um) | avareji 30g/m2 mpaka 100g/m2 (ma microns 5 mpaka 15) | |||||
| Ubwino | chophimba chofanana, kumamatira mwamphamvu, kusindikiza bwino, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali | pamwamba posalala, mtundu wowala, ndi utoto woonda | |||||
| Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito | amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyendetsa madzi otsika mphamvu pamadzi, zimbudzi, gasi, mpweya, nthunzi yotentha, zomangamanga za boma, petrochemical, zomanga zombo ndi zina. | uinjiniya wa zomangamanga, kupanga mipando ndi madera ena. | |||||
* KUPENTA
Chitoliro chachitsulo chopakidwa utoto chimapangidwa kuti chizipaka utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo kuti chikhale cholimba komanso chokongola. Mapaipi achitsulo opakidwa utoto amaphatikizapo mapaipi achitsulo opakidwa utoto ndi mapaipi achitsulo opakidwa utoto.
Chitoliro chachitsulo chopakidwa ndi utsi choyamba chimatsukidwa ndi asidi, kupakidwa ndi galvanized ndi phosphate, kenako chimapakidwa ndi electrostatic. Ubwino wa njira iyi ndi kukanikiza kwambiri utsi, sikophweka kuchotsa, chitetezo chabwino, mitundu yowala komanso yokongola; vuto ndilakuti mtengo wake ndi wokwera, ndipo zida zapadera zopopera ndi antchito aluso kwambiri amafunika kuti azigwiritse ntchito.
Chitoliro chachitsulo chopakidwa utoto chimapakidwa utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo popanda kutsukidwa ndi asidi, galvanized kapena phosphating, kuti chitolirocho chikhale cholimba komanso chokongola. Ubwino wa njira iyi ndi mtengo wotsika komanso njira yosavuta komanso yosavuta kuigwiritsa ntchito; kuipa kwake ndi kuuma pang'ono, zovuta kupeza mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso mtundu wosangalatsa.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo opakidwa utoto, ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu woyenera wa utoto, mtundu ndi makulidwe malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso zofunikira. Nthawi yomweyo, ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulocho ndi pouma, poyera komanso posalala kuti zitsimikizire kuti chophimbacho chimagwira ntchito bwino komanso nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito.
Chitoliro chachitsulo chophimbidwa ndi utsi
Chitoliro chachitsulo chopakidwa utoto
* 3PE FBE
3PE (3-Layer Polyethylene) ndi FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy) ndi mitundu iwiri ya zokutira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mapaipi ndi mapaipi mumakampani amafuta ndi gasi kuti achepetse kapena kupewa dzimbiri.
3PE ndi chophimba cha magawo atatu chomwe chimakhala ndi epoxy primer, copolymer glue, ndi polyethylene topcoat. Epoxy primer imapereka malo abwino olumikizirana ndi copolymer glue, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti polyethylene topcoat ilumikizane. Magawo atatuwa amagwira ntchito limodzi kuteteza chitoliro ku dzimbiri, kusweka, ndi kuwonongeka kwa kugunda.
Kumbali inayi, FBE ndi njira yophikira yokhala ndi zigawo ziwiri yomwe imakhala ndi maziko a epoxy resin odzazidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi topcoat yomwe ndi polyamide. Epoxy yodzazidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono imapereka kukanikiza bwino kwambiri pamwamba pa chitsulo, pomwe topcoat imapereka kukana kwabwino kwa mankhwala ndi kukana kukwawa. Zophikira za FBE zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi mpaka makina amadzi ndi madzi otayira.
Zophimba zonse za 3PE ndi FBE zimathandiza kuteteza mapaipi ndi mapaipi ku dzimbiri, kutengera zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito. Kusankha pakati pa ziwirizi nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi zinthu monga mtundu wa mapaipi, momwe amagwirira ntchito, ndi mtengo wake.
| 3PE vs FBE | |||||||
| Mphamvu Yomatira | Chophimba cha 3PE chimapereka mphamvu yolimba kwambiri kuposa FBE, chifukwa guluu wa copolymer mu 3PE umathandiza kuti pakhale mgwirizano wabwino pakati pa epoxy primer ndi polyethylene topcoat layers. | ||||||
| Kukhudzidwa ndi Kutupa | Chovala cha polyethylene chomwe chili mu 3PE coating chimapereka kukana bwino kukhudzidwa ndi kusweka poyerekeza ndi FBE. | ||||||
| Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito | Zophimba za FBE zimakondedwa m'mapaipi komwe kutentha kwa ntchito kuli kwakukulu chifukwa zimatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri kuposa zophimba za 3PE. Kumbali ina, zophimba za 3PE zimakondedwa m'malo omwe payipiyo imakumana ndi dothi ndi madzi, chifukwa zimapereka chitetezo chabwino ku dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri. | ||||||
*Kupaka mafuta
Kupaka mafuta pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo ndi njira yotetezera dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri pa chitoliro chachitsulo. Kupaka mafuta kungachedwetse kukhudzana kwa chitoliro chachitsulo ndi malo akunja, ndikuletsa chitoliro chachitsulo kuti chisakhudzidwe ndi okosijeni, dzimbiri, kuwonongeka, ndi zina zotero.
*Stencil kapena Sitampu
Sitampu
Pensulo
*Kubowola
Gwiritsani ntchito makina obowola pogwiritsa ntchito chida chobowola. Pitirizani kukanikiza mpaka chobowolacho chilowe m'khoma la chitoliro chachitsulo, ndikupanga dzenje loyera komanso lolondola.
Njira yobowola mapaipi achitsulo ili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo koma osati zokhazo:
1. Kulumikiza mapaipi achitsulo: Kuboola ndi njira imodzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikiza mapaipi achitsulo. Kudzera mu njira yoboola mapaipi achitsulo, mabowo amatha kutsegulidwa pa chitoliro chachitsulo, kuti maboliti ndi mtedza zikhoze kuyikidwa pa malo olumikizirana ndi ma flange, kuti cholinga cholumikizira chikwaniritsidwe.
2. Kukonza mapaipi achitsulo: Ndi ntchito yofala kwambiri yokonza mapaipi achitsulo pamakoma kapena pamalo ena kudzera mu njira yobowola mapaipi achitsulo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chopanga solar panel bracke
Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapamsewu
*Kulemba ulusi
NPT (National Pipe Thread) ndi BSPT (British Standard Pipe Thread) ndi miyezo iwiri yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ulusi wa mapaipi.
Ulusi wa NPT umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku North America ndipo ulusi wa BSPT umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe ndi Asia.
Miyezo yonseyi ili ndi ulusi wochepa womwe umapanga chitseko cholimba ukalumikizidwa pamodzi. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikiza mapaipi amadzi, gasi, mafuta ndi ena.
2. Kukonza mapaipi achitsulo: Ndi ntchito yofala kwambiri yokonza mapaipi achitsulo pamakoma kapena pamalo ena kudzera mu njira yobowola mapaipi achitsulo.
* Yopindika
Kulumikiza kwa Roll Groove ndi njira yotchuka yolumikizira mapaipi oteteza moto chifukwa imapereka zabwino zambiri. Nazi zina mwa zabwino zazikulu:
1. Kukhazikitsa kosavuta komanso mwachangu: Kulumikiza kwa Roll Groove kumalola kukhazikitsa mapaipi ndi zolumikizira mwachangu komanso mosavuta, chifukwa palibe chifukwa cholukira kapena kulumikiza ulusi.
2. Kuteteza zachilengedwe ndi ndalama: Njira yolumikizira iyi ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa njira zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale njira yotchuka kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito. Ndi yoteteza chilengedwe chifukwa imachepetsa zinyalala ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa.
3. Kusunga makhalidwe oyambirira a mapaipi: Kulumikizana kwa Roll Groove sikukhudza makhalidwe oyambirira a mapaipi, monga mphamvu yawo, kulimba, komanso kukana dzimbiri.
4. Kukonza n'kosavuta: Ngati pakufunika kukonza ndi kukonza, kulumikizana kwa Roll Groove kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusokoneza ndikusintha zida zina, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida kapena zida zapadera.
| DN | M'mimba mwake wakunja | Kutseka Pamwamba Pamwamba ± 0.76 | Kukula kwa Groove ± 0.76 | M'mimba mwake wa pansi pa groove | |
| mm | Kulekerera | ||||
| 50 | 60.3 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 57.15 | -0.38 |
| 65 | 73 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 69.09 | -0.46 |
| 65 | 76.1 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 72.26 | -0.46 |
| 80 | 88.9 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 84.94 | -0.46 |
| 100 | 114.3 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 110.08 | -0.51 |
| 125 | 141.3 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 137.63 | -0.56 |
| 150 | 165.1 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 160.78 | -0.56 |
| 150 | 168.3 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 163.96 | -0.56 |
| 200 | 219.1 | 19.05 | 11.91 | 214.4 | -0.64 |
*Beveled
Chidutswa chachikulu kuposa NPS 11⁄2 [DN 40] chokhala ndi malekezero osalala okhala ndi malekezero opindika pa ngodya ya 30°, +5°, -0°
*Mapeto Opanda Chilema
Kudula malekezero onse awiri a chitoliro chachitsulo kukhala mapanelo pa 90◦ ku mzere wozungulira ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri komwe mapaipi amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti pakhale chitoliro cholumikizira kapena mitundu ina yolumikizira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malekezero ake ndi athyathyathya komanso olunjika ku mzere wa chitoliro.
*Yopindika
Chitoliro chachitsulo chopindika ndi mtundu wa chitoliro chomwe chili ndi flange yolumikizidwa kumapeto amodzi kapena onse awiri. Ma Flange ndi ma disc ozungulira okhala ndi mabowo ndi mabowo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza mapaipi, ma valve, kapena zida zina. Chitoliro chachitsulo chopindika nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa polumikiza flange kumapeto kwa chitoliro chachitsulo.
Mapaipi achitsulo opindika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga madzi, mafuta ndi gasi, komanso kukonza mankhwala. Amakondedwa kuposa mitundu ina ya mapaipi chifukwa amatha kuyikidwa mosavuta ndipo ndi olimba kwambiri. Mapaipi opindika amatha kupirira kuthamanga kwambiri ndipo amatha kung'ambika mosavuta kuti akonze kapena kukonza.
Ma flanges omwe ali pa chitoliro chachitsulo chopindika amabwera m'mawonekedwe ndi kukula kosiyanasiyana kuti agwirizane ndi zofunikira zolumikizira. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi monga ma flanges otsetsereka, ma flanges a khosi lopindika, ma flanges opindika, ndi ma socket weld flanges.
Mwachidule, mapaipi achitsulo opindika ndi chisankho chodziwika bwino m'mafakitale ambiri chifukwa amapereka mgwirizano wodalirika komanso wolimba pakati pa mapaipi ndi zida.
*Kudula Kutalika
Ukadaulo wodulira madzi umadziwika chifukwa cha kulondola kwake komanso kulondola kwake, komanso kuthekera kwake kopanga m'mbali zosalala, zopanda burr.
Chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa ukadaulo wodulira madzi ndikuti ndi njira yodulira yozizira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe malo okhudzidwa ndi kutentha (HAZ) ozungulira kudulako.
Kudula madzi ndi njira yotetezera chilengedwe, chifukwa sikutulutsa zinyalala zoopsa kapena mpweya woipa. Dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi zinthu zina zonyamulira, ndipo zinyalala zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa mosavuta ndikutayidwa mosamala.
*Kulongedza ndi Kutumiza
Kupaka Pulasitiki ya PVC
Pofuna kuteteza mapaipi achitsulo panthawi yonyamula ndi kusungira, nthawi zambiri amapakidwa ndi mapulasitiki a PVC kuti apereke chitetezo chomwe chimaletsa kukwawa, kusweka, ndi kuwonongeka kwina.
Kuwonjezera pa kuteteza mapaipi achitsulo, ma phukusi a pulasitiki a PVC amathandizanso kuti azikhala oyera komanso ouma. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamapaipi omwe adzagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene ukhondo ndi wofunikira, monga m'makina operekera madzi kapena m'mafakitale opangira chakudya.
* Ma PVC onse opakidwa;
*Mapeto a mapaipi okha ndi PVC opakidwa;
*Paketi ya PVC yokha yokhala ndi chitoliro.
Kulongedza Matabwa
Pofuna kuteteza zolumikizira zachitsulo panthawi yonyamula ndi kunyamula, makasitomala amatha kusankha mabokosi amatabwa apadera, ndipo amathanso kusinthidwa ndi zilembo za kasitomala kuti zidziwike mosavuta.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mabokosi amatabwa okhala ndi zothandizira kumapeto ndikuti amapereka chitetezo chowonjezera komanso amachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachitsulo. Amathandizanso kuti zinthuzo zisamavutike kuzigwira komanso kuzinyamula, chifukwa mabokosiwo amatha kuyikidwa m'mizere ndikumangidwa pa ma pallet kuti azinyamulidwa pamtunda, panyanja, kapena mumlengalenga.
Manyamulidwe
Zinthu zambiri zopangidwa ndi zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimanyamulidwa kudzera panyanja, pamtunda, kapena pandege, ndipo katundu wambiri amachoka ku madoko a Tianjin.
Pa mayendedwe apanyanja, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu: kutumiza zidebe kapena kutumiza zinthu zambiri.
Mayendedwe apamtunda nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi sitima kapena galimoto, kutengera komwe akupita komanso kampani yoyendera yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
*Thandizo
Ntchito zogulitsira zisanachitike:
1. Chitsanzo chaulere: Kutalika kwa chitsanzo cha chitoliro chachitsulo cha 20cm chopanda mtengo ndi ndalama zotumizira zomwe kasitomala amalipira.
2. Malangizo a malonda: kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chathu chaukadaulo cha malonda kuti tiwalimbikitse kwa makasitomala.
Ntchito zogulitsa zapakati:
1. Kutsata maoda: tidzadziwitsa makasitomala za momwe maoda awo amachitikira komanso momwe amatumizidwa kudzera pa imelo kapena foni, ndikuonetsetsa kuti akumvetsa bwino momwe maoda awo akuyendera.
2. Kupereka zithunzi zowunikira ndi kutumiza: tidzapereka zithunzi za malonda tisanatumize kuti makasitomala atsimikizire ngati akwaniritsa zofunikira. Nthawi yomweyo, tidzayang'aniranso mosamala komanso kuwongolera khalidwe tisanatumize kuti tiwonetsetse kuti akwaniritsa miyezo yathu yapamwamba.
Ntchito zogulitsa pambuyo pa malonda:
1. Kutsatira ndemanga za makasitomala akalandira katundu: timayamikira ndemanga za makasitomala ndipo tidzatsatira kuti timvetse momwe amagwiritsira ntchito komanso momwe amayankhira zinthu zathu, kuti tipitilize kupititsa patsogolo ubwino ndi ntchito zawo.
2. Mitengo ndi zambiri zokhudza makampani: tikumvetsa kuti makasitomala angakumane ndi kusintha kwa msika ndi momwe makampani amagwirira ntchito, choncho nthawi zonse timapereka chidziwitso chokhudza momwe msika ndi makampani amagwirira ntchito kuti tithandize makasitomala kumvetsetsa kusintha kwa msika ndi makampani munthawi yake, zomwe zingawathandize kupanga zisankho zodziwa bwino komanso zabwino.