Isishwankathelo seNtsimbi Engagqwaliyo
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo: Uhlobo lwentsimbi eyaziwa ngokuxhathisa ukugqwala kunye neempawu zokungagqwali, equlethe ubuncinane i-10.5% ye-chromium kunye nobuninzi be-1.2% yekhabhoni.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yinto esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo, eyaziwa ngokumelana kwayo nokugqwala kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo. Phakathi kweentlobo ezininzi zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, i-304, i-304H, i-304L, kunye ne-316 zezona zixhaphakileyo, njengoko kuchaziwe kumgangatho we-ASTM A240/A240M we-“Chromium kunye neChromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, kunye neStrip yeeVessels zoxinzelelo kunye nezicelo eziQhelekileyo.”
Ezi ntlobo zine ziphantsi kodidi olufanayo lwentsimbi. Zingahlulwahlulwa njengeentsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic ngokusekelwe kwisakhiwo sazo kunye neentsimbi ezingenasici ze-chromium-nickel ezingama-300 ezisekelwe kwisakhiwo sazo. Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwazo ukwimo yazo yeekhemikhali, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nobushushu, kunye neendawo zokusetyenziswa.
Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo yase-Austenitic: Ngokuyintloko yenziwe ngesakhiwo sekristale yetyhubhu esijonge ubuso (isigaba se-γ), esingengombane, kwaye siqiniswa kakhulu ngokusebenza ngokubandayo (okunokubangela amandla ombane). (GB/T 20878)
Ukwakhiwa kweeKhemikhali kunye noThelekiso lokuSebenza (Ngokusekelwe kwiMigangatho ye-ASTM)
304 Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo:
- Ulwakhiwo oluPhambili: Iqulethe malunga ne-17.5-19.5% ye-chromium kunye ne-8-10.5% ye-nickel, kunye nenani elincinci lekhabhoni (ngaphantsi kwe-0.07%).
- Iipropati zoomatshini: Ibonisa amandla okutsalwa kakuhle (515 MPa) kunye nobude (malunga ne-40% nangaphezulu).
Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo engama-304L:
- Ulwakhiwo oluPhambili: Ifana ne-304 kodwa inomxholo wekhabhoni onciphileyo (ngaphantsi kwe-0.03%).
- Iipropati zoomatshini: Ngenxa yomxholo wekhabhoni ophantsi, amandla okutsalwa angaphantsi kancinci kune-304 (485 MPa), kunye nobude obufanayo. Umxholo wekhabhoni ophantsi uphucula ukusebenza kwayo kwe-welding.
Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo engama-304H:
- Ulwakhiwo oluPhambili: Umxholo wekhabhoni udla ngokuba phakathi kwe-0.04% ukuya kwi-0.1%, kunye ne-manganese enciphileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.8%) kunye ne-silicon eyonyukileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.0-2.0%). Umxholo we-chromium kunye ne-nickel ufana ne-304.
- Iipropati zoomatshiniAmandla okutsalwa (515 MPa) kunye nobude bufana ne-304. Inamandla kwaye iqinile kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu.
316 Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo:
- Ulwakhiwo oluPhambili: Iqulethe i-16-18% ye-chromium, i-10-14% ye-nickel, kunye ne-2-3% ye-molybdenum, enomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphantsi kwe-0.08%.
- Iipropati zoomatshini: Amandla okutsalwa (515 MPa) kunye nobude (ngaphezulu kwe-40%). Inokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu.
Ukusuka kuthelekiso olungentla, kuyacaca ukuba la manqanaba mane aneempawu ezifanayo kakhulu zoomatshini. Umahluko ukho kwindlela ezibunjwe ngayo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiinguqu ekuchaseni ukugqwala kunye nokumelana nobushushu.
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo kunye nokuthelekiswa kokumelana nobushushu
Ukumelana nokugqwala:
- 316 Intsimbi EngagqwaliyoNgenxa yokuba ikhona i-molybdenum, inokumelana nokugqwala okungcono kune-304 series, ingakumbi ngokuchasene nokugqwala kwe-chloride.
- Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo engama-304L: Ngenxa yomxholo wayo ophantsi wekhabhoni, ikwanokumelana okuhle nokugqwala, ifanelekile kwiindawo ezingcolisayo. Ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kungaphantsi kancinci kune-316 kodwa kubiza kancinci.
Ukumelana nobushushu:
- 316 Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo: Ukwakheka kwayo okuphezulu kwe-chromium-nickel-molybdenum kunika ukumelana okungcono kobushushu kune-304 stainless steel, ingakumbi i-molybdenum inyusa ukumelana kwayo ne-oxidation.
- Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo engama-304HNgenxa yokuba inekhabhoni eninzi, i-manganese ephantsi, kunye nokwakheka kwe-silicon ephezulu, ikwabonisa ukumelana okuhle nobushushu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Amasimi eSicelo seNtsimbi engaGciniyo
304 Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo: Uhlobo olusisiseko olungabizi kakhulu nolunokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, olusetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, ekuveliseni nasekulungiseni ukutya.
Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo engama-304L: Uhlobo lwe-304 olunekhabhoni ephantsi, olufanele ubunjineli beekhemikhali nolwandle, oluneendlela zokucubungula ezifanayo ne-304 kodwa lufanelekile ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifuna ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kunye nobuthathaka beendleko.
Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo engama-304H: Isetyenziswa kwii-superheaters kunye nee-reheaters zee-boilers ezinkulu, iipayipi zomphunga, ii-heat exchangers kwishishini le-petrochemical, kunye nezinye izicelo ezifuna ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obuphezulu.
316 Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo: Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiifektri zepulp nephepha, kwimizi-mveliso enzima, kwizixhobo zokugcina nokucubungula iikhemikhali, kwizixhobo zokucoca, kwizixhobo zonyango nezamayeza, kwioyile negesi engaselunxwemeni, kwiindawo zaselwandle, nakwizitya zokupheka ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-24-2024