Tirohanga Whānui mō te Kowiri tira
Kowiri tiraHe momo maitai e mōhiotia ana mō tōna ātete ki te waikura me ōna āhuatanga kore-waikura, kei roto i te iti rawa 10.5% te chromium me te mōrahi 1.2% te waro.
He rauemi te kowiri tira e whakamahia whānuitia ana puta noa i ngā ahumahi maha, e mōhiotia ana mō tōna ātete ki te waikura me tōna maha o ngā mahi. I roto i ngā momo kowiri tira maha, ko te 304, 304H, 304L, me te 316 ngā mea tino noa, e ai ki te paerewa ASTM A240/A240M mō te "Pereti, Rau, me te Ripanga Kowiri tira Chromium me te Chromium-Nickel mō ngā Ipu Pēhanga me ngā Whakamahinga Whānui."
Kei roto i te kāwai kotahi o te maitai ēnei momo e whā. Ka taea te whakarōpū i ēnei hei maitai kore waikura austenitic i runga i tō rātou hanganga, me ngā maitai kore waikura chromium-nickel raupapa 300 i runga i tō rātou hanganga. Ko ngā rerekētanga matua i waenganui i a rātou kei roto i tō rātou hanganga matū, te ātete ki te waikura, te ātete ki te wera, me ngā mara tono.
Kowiri tira AusteniticHe mea hanga tuatahi mai i te hanganga karaihe pūtoru (wāhanga γ) e anga ana ki te mata, kāore he aukume, ā, he mea whakapakari mā te mahi matao (tērā pea ka puta he aukume). (GB/T 20878)
Te Whakataurite i te Hanganga Matū me te Mahi (I runga i ngā Paerewa ASTM)
304 Kowiri tira:
- Te Hanganga MatuaKei roto tata ki te 17.5-19.5% te konukōmiuma me te 8-10.5% te nikara, me te iti o te waro (kei raro iho i te 0.07%).
- Ngā Āhuatanga MīhiniHe kaha kume pai (515 MPa) me te roa (tata ki te 40% neke atu rānei).
304L Kowiri tira:
- Te Hanganga MatuaHe rite ki te 304 engari he iti iho te ihirangi waro (kei raro iho i te 0.03%).
- Ngā Āhuatanga MīhiniNā te iti o te ihirangi waro, he iti iho te kaha kume i te 304 (485 MPa), me te roanga ōrite. Ka whakarei ake te iti o te ihirangi waro i tana mahi whakarewa.
304H Kowiri tira:
- Te Hanganga MatuaKo te nui o te waro kei waenganui i te 0.04% ki te 0.1%, me te iti o te konupūmā (ki raro ki te 0.8%) me te nui ake o te silicon (tae atu ki te 1.0-2.0%). He rite te nui o te chromium me te nickel ki te 304.
- Ngā Āhuatanga MīhiniHe rite te kaha kume (515 MPa) me te roa ki te 304. He pai tōna kaha me tōna pakari i ngā pāmahana teitei, ā, he pai mō ngā taiao pāmahana teitei.
316 Kowiri tira:
- Te Hanganga MatuaKei roto ko te 16-18% chromium, 10-14% nickel, me te 2-3% molybdenum, me te ihirangi waro i raro i te 0.08%.
- Ngā Āhuatanga MīhiniKaha kume (515 MPa) me te roa (neke atu i te 40%). He tino ātete ki te waikura.
Mai i te whakataurite i runga ake nei, e kitea ana he tino ōrite ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o ngā momo e whā. Ko ngā rerekētanga kei roto i ō rātou hanganga, ā, ka rerekē te ātete ki te waikura me te ātete ki te wera.
Te Whakataurite i te Ātete ki te Waikura me te Ātete ki te Wera o te Kowiri tira
Ātete ki te Waikura:
- 316 Kowiri tiraNā te mea kei roto te molybdenum, he pai ake tōna ātete ki te waikura i te raupapa 304, inā koa ki te waikura pūhaumāota.
- 304L Kowiri tiraHe iti te waro i roto i te rauemi, ā, he pai hoki tōna ātete ki te waikura, he pai mō ngā taiao waikura. He iti ake tōna ātete ki te waikura i te 316 engari he iti ake te utu.
Ātete Wera:
- 316 Kowiri tiraHe pai ake te ātete wera o te chromium-nickel-molybdenum i te 304 kowiri tira, inā koa ka whakarei ake te molybdenum i tōna ātete waikura.
- 304H Kowiri tiraNā te nui o te waro, te iti o te konupora, me te nui o te hanganga silicon, he pai hoki tōna ātete wera i ngā pāmahana tiketike.
Ngā Āpure Taupānga Kowiri tira
304 Kowiri tiraHe rauemi turanga utu-pai, he maha hoki ngā whakamahinga, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te hanganga, te whakangao, me te tukatuka kai.
304L Kowiri tiraKo te putanga iti-waro o te 304, e tika ana mō te hangarau matū me te moana, me ngā tikanga tukatuka rite ki te 304 engari he pai ake mō ngā taiao e hiahia ana kia nui ake te ātete ki te waikura me te aro nui ki te utu.
304H Kowiri tiraWhakamahia i roto i ngā whakamahana nui me ngā whakamahana anō o ngā kohua nui, ngā paipa mamaoa, ngā whakawhiti wera i roto i te umanga hinu matū, me ētahi atu tono e hiahia ana ki te ātete pai ki te waikura me te mahi pāmahana teitei.
316 Kowiri tiraE whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mira penupenu me te pepa, i ngā ahumahi taumaha, i ngā taputapu tukatuka me te rokiroki matū, i ngā taputapu whakapai hinu, i ngā taputapu hauora me te rongoā, i te hinu me te hau moana, i ngā taiao moana, me ngā taputapu tunu kai papai.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-24-2024